lena horne :: essays research papers

Singer/actress Lena Hornes primary occupation was nightclub entertaining, a barter she pursued successfully around the world for more than 60 years, from the 1930s to the 1990s. In conjunction with her club work, she also maintained a recording career that stretched from 1936 to 2000 and brought her three Grammys, including a Lifetime Achievement show in 1989 she appeared in 16 feature drives and several shorts among 1938 and 1978 she performed occasionally on Broadway, including in her own Tony-winning one-woman show, Lena Horne The Lady and Her unison in 1981-1982 and she sang and acted on radio and television. Adding to the challenge of maintaining such a career was her position as an African-American facing discrimination personally and in her profession during a period of enormous social turn in the U.S. Her first job in the 1930s was at the cotton fiber Club, where blacks could perform, and not be admitted as customers by 1969, when she acted in the film Death of a Gu nfighter, her characters marriage to a white man went unperceived in the script. Horne herself was a pivotal figure in the changing attitudes or so race in the 20th century her middle-class upbringing and musical training predisposed her to the popular music of her day, rather than the blues and turn in genres more commonly associated with African-Americans, and her photogenic looks were sufficiently close to Caucasian that often she was encouraged to try to "pass" for white, something she consistently refused to do. But her position in the middle of a social struggle enabled her to become a drawing card in that struggle, speaking out in favor of racial desegregation and raising money for civil rights causes. By the end of the century, she could look rearwards at a life that was never short on conflict, alone that could be seen ultimately as a triumph. Lena Mary Calhoun Horne was born June 30, 1917, in the New York City borough of Brooklyn. Both sides of her family c laimed a mixture of African-Americans, Native Americans, and Caucasians, and some(prenominal) were part of what black leader W.E.B. DuBois called "the talented tenth," the upper stratum of the American black population made up of middle-class, well-educated African-Americans. Her parents, however, might both be described as mavericks from that tradition. Her father, Edwin Fletcher Horne Jr., worked for the New York State Department of Labor, but one of her biographers describes him more accurately as "a numbers banker" his real profession was gambling.